References:
Historical review and redescription of three poorly known
species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from south-eastern
Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) (
PDF)
Wilson J. E. M. Costa, Axel M. Katz, José Leonardo O. Mattos, Pedro F. Amorim, Beatrizz O. Mesquita, Paulo J. Vilardo and Maria Anais Barbosa
ABSTRACT
This study is primarily directed to the most poorly known species of
the genus
Trichomycterus, comprising five nominal species (
T. florensis,
T. immaculatus, T. nigricans, T. paquequerensis and T.
santaeritae)
endemic to south-eastern Brazil. One of them,
T. nigricans, is the type
species of the genus, involved in taxonomic problems for over
150 years. A detailed historical review, accompanied by examination
of type specimens and recent collections, revealed that the correct
type locality of
T. nigricansis in the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, not Santa
Catarina as commonly appears in the literature; specimens previously
misidentified as
T. nigricans from Santa Catarina belong to a possibly
undescribed species of the genus Cambeva;
T. paquequerensis is a
synonym of
T. immaculatus, and
T. florensis is a synonym of
T. santaeritae;
and the hypothesis that
T. santaeritae is closely related to the
Amazon Sarcoglanidinae is refuted. The three valid species are redescribed.
These species are members of a clade also including
T.
caipora that is highly supported by molecular data, diagnosed by a
pronounced posterior maxillary process and caudal fin emarginate at
least in larger specimens. A subclade comprising T. caipora, T. nigricans
and T. santaeritae is diagnosed by a long maxilla and a bifid
anterior extremity of hypobranchial
